Treatment of effluents from pig slaughterhouses by removing nitrogen and phosphorus using sequential biological reactors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24850/j-tyca-2025-03-02Keywords:
Effluents from pig slaughter, phosphorus, organic matter, nitrogen, nutrients, biological treatmentAbstract
The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of a biological treatment in effluents from the slaughter of cattle using sequential loading reactors. Three operational cycle times (TCO) of 8, 12 and 16 hours are implemented, an anaerobic, aerobic and anoxic sequence, and two cell retention times (TRC), 15 and 25 days, evaluating a total of six treatments in reactors at laboratory scale. The physicochemical parameters measured were the total chemical demand for oxygen, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrites, nitrates, orthophosphates, total phosphorus, pH, and total alkalinity at the beginning, end of each phase, and output from the reactor for each evaluated treatment. According to the results obtained, the COD removal percentages were between 82.0 and 86.9 %, while for nitrogen and phosphorous, the removals were between 46.7 and 71.6 %, and 38.1 and 54.5 %, respectively. The nitrification speed had a correspondence with the good removal of ammoniacal nitrogen. The highest rate of nitrification occurred with 25 d of TRC, which indicates that the activity of the nitrifying biomass was high. For all evaluated treatments, the release of orthophosphates during the anaerobic phase and their consumption during the aerobic phase were demonstrated. The treatment in the reactor that allowed obtaining the highest percentages of simultaneous removal of organic matter and nutrients was carried out with an operational cycle time of 16 h and a cell retention time of 25 days.
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