Glacier retreat and the value of ecosystem services associated with water resources in the Paron basin-Huascaran National Park (Cordillera Blanca), 2009-2018
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24850/j-tyca-14-06-03Keywords:
Cryosphere, ecosystem services, economic valuation, Cordillera Blanca, climatic changeAbstract
Tropical glaciers are sensitive indicators of climate change. The loss of the volume of tropical glaciers in the Paron basin (Cordillera Blanca, Peru), is an example of this at a global level and these changes are expected to affect ecosystem services that are unique and irreplaceable. This study estimated the economic value of ecosystem services associated with water resources impacted by glacial retreat in the Paron basin - Huascaran National Park (Cordillera Blanca, Peru) between the years 2009 and 2018. The methodology started by mapping glaciers from 2009 to 2018 using high-resolution satellite images taken during the dry season. Then, the 3D surfaces of the glaciers were reconstructed using the GLABTOP tool to calculate the volume. With the data obtained, the value of the Tourism and Recreation ecosystem service, provision of Water Flow, was calculated. The results indicate that the glaciers of the Paron basin have been reduced by ~1.82% of the glacial area and at a maximum deglaciation rate of 0.08 (km2/year). The results of the 3D reconstruction show 1.8% more thickness between 40 and 60 m with an ice loss of 1.02 km3, at a maximum rate of 0.14 km3/year. The present monetary values of the services from 2009 to 2018 were estimated at $52 029.34 for the tourism and recreation service and $3 213 258.21 for the water flow provision service, calculated at 8% discount rate. Therefore, it is recommended that investment in programs on the Paron watershed water network, such as increased services, population or industrial use, should be increased.
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